What is the focus of ethology in the context of zoology?

Ethology is the scientific study of animal behavior, particularly in natural environments. This branch of zoology seeks to understand the ways in which animals interact with each other and their surroundings, encompassing various aspects such as mating rituals, social structures, communication methods, and how they adapt to their ecological niches. Ethologists examine behaviors in the context of evolutionary processes and ecological pressures, providing insights into how specific behaviors contribute to survival and reproduction.

In contrast, the other choices focus on distinct aspects of biology that do not pertain to behavior directly. Animal physiology involves the study of bodily functions and processes, while animal anatomy pertains to the structure and physical organization of organisms. Animal habitats, on the other hand, deal with the environments in which animals live, but do not inherently cover behavior itself. The focus of ethology, therefore, is uniquely centered on understanding the behaviors of animals, making it an essential field for comprehending various species’ actions and interactions.